Students begin with a base of 50 points (assuming fee is paid and no behavior problems arise). Additional points accumulate relative to successful completion of the following activities.

• Complete the study guide (20 points).
• View film in one of the theaters (10 points).
• Browse the museum (10 points).
• Walk the Presidential Trail (10 points).
• Pause momentarily to gaze at the beautiful blue sky and green trees, take a deep breath of fresh air, and thank your lucky stars you live in America (5 bonus points).

Select the best response for each item according to information learned during the excursion as well as through preparatory lectures and assigned reading.

1. The concept for Mount Rushmore was proposed by the:
   1. South Dakota State Historical Society
   2. National Park Service
   3. Sierra Club
   4. National Geographic Society
      
   
   
2. Most of the memorial's construction cost:
   1. was obtained through private donations
      
   2. was approved by the State of South Dakota
      
   3. came from revenue raised by video lottery
      
   4. was appropriated by the federal government
      
   
   
3. All of the following are true of Mount Rushmore except:
   1. geologists express serious concern about natural erosion of the faces over the next century
      
   2. the Hall of Records carved behind the faces contains historical information for reference thousands of years in the future
      
   3. Thomas Jefferson was first carved to George Washington's right, but had to be relocated when the rock there proved faulty
      
   4. despite the dangerous work involved in carving the memorial over a 14-year a period, not a single fatality occurred
      
   
   
4. Gutzon Borglum's initial plan for Mount Rushmore:
   1. featured only two Presidents—George Washington and Abraham Lincoln
      
   2. called for a total of six Presidents to be crafted, but lack of available space on the mountain prohibited that number
      
   3. included an aerial tramway that would take visitors to the very top of the heads
      
   4. was to carve explorers of the West, such as Jim Bridger, Zebulon Pike, and John Frémont, instead of Presidents
      
   
   
5. Originally, South Dakota officials had envisioned giant carvings:
   1. in the Needles, a group of distinctive stone spires in the Black Hills
      
   2. on Devils Tower in eastern Wyoming
      
   3. in the Badlands of south central South Dakota
      
   4. on Harney Peak, the highest point in the state
      
   
   
6. The selection of what people would appear on Mount Rushmore was:
   1. made by the South Dakota Historical Society
      
   2. accomplished through a nationwide public poll
      
   3. purely the decision of Gutzon Borglum
      
   4. determined by area Sioux Indians and approved by Congress
      
   
   
7. The most youthful of the four faces is that of:
   1. George Washington
      
   2. Thomas Jefferson
      
   3. Theodore Roosevelt
      
   4. Abraham Lincoln
      
   
   
8. The appearance of Abraham Lincoln on Mount Rushmore is meant to symbolize:
   1. the founding of the United States upon achieving independence from Great Britain
      
   2. America's democratic political philosophy and great westward expansion
      
   3. preservation of the Union and individual freedom for all
      
   4. the worldwide responsibilities of the United States and conservation of its western lands
      
   
   
9. The President when the Mount Rushmore blasting commenced was:
   1. Woodrow Wilson
      
   2. Warren Harding
      
   3. Calvin Coolidge
      
   4. Herbert Hoover
      
   
   
10. The rock structure of Mount Rushmore is primarily:
    1. quartz
       
    2. sandstone
       
    3. marble
       
    4. granite
       
    
    
11. The correct sequence in which workers performed the following tasks as Mount Rushmore was shaped section-by-section is:
    1. honeycombing; bumping; pointing; blasting
       
    2. blasting; pointing; bumping; honeycombing
       
    3. pointing; blasting; honeycombing; bumping
       
    4. bumping; honeycombing; blasting; pointing
       
    
    
12. Gutzon Borglum's favorite President was:
    1. George Washington
       
    2. Abraham Lincoln
       
    3. Theodore Roosevelt
       
    4. Woodrow Wilson
       
    
    
13. Other suggestions at one time or another for the Mount Rushmore faces have included all of the following except:
    1. Susan B. Anthony
       
    2. George Armstrong Custer
       
    3. John F. Kennedy
       
    4. Franklin D. Roosevelt
       
    
    
14. Charles E. Rushmore, after whom the mountain cliff is named, was:
    1. an attorney from New York who visited the Black Hills in the mid-1880s
       
    2. Gutzon Borglum's guide and geological expert
       
    3. the governor of South Dakota during most of the 1920s
       
    4. Secretary of the Interior under President Theodore Roosevelt
       
    
    
15. The most controversial decision concerning the Presidents appearing on Mount Rushmore was the:
    1. position of George Washington
       
    2. omission of Andrew Jackson
       
    3. inclusion of Theodore Roosevelt
       
    4. total number of faces to be carved
       
    
    
16. The Presidential Trail was completed in 1998 partly through a hefty financial donation from:
    1. the Smithsonian Institute
       
    2. Coca-Cola Company, headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, where Gutzon Borglum carved Stone Mountain
       
    3. the estate of former President Richard M. Nixon
       
    4. Johnston & Murphy, a shoe company based in Nashville, Tennessee
       
    
    
17. All of the following Presidents once followed the Presidential Trail except:
    1. Calvin Coolidge
       
    2. Franklin D. Roosevelt
       
    3. Dwight D. Eisenhower
       
    4. Jimmy Carter
       
    
    
18. The Mount Rushmore busts face toward the general direction of:
    1. Arizona
       
    2. Florida
       
    3. Oregon
       
    4. Vermont
       
    
    
19. Placed along the Presidential Trail in key spots relative to the four faces are placards containing some pictures and brief biographical data for each President. The portrait of Abraham Lincoln is from the collection of renowned photographer:
    1. Mathew Brady
       
    2. Charles Russell
       
    3. Thomas Nast
       
    4. Frederic Remington
       
    
    
20. Theodore Roosevelt received his formal education at:
    1. Harvard University
       
    2. the University of Virginia
       
    3. Columbia University
       
    4. Oregon State University
       
    
    
21. Other works (partial or complete) of Gutzon Borglum include all of the following except:
    1. Stone Mountain (Georgia)
       
    2. Trail Drivers Memorial (Texas)
       
    3. Statue of Liberty (New York)
       
    4. Crazy Horse Memorial (South Dakota)
       
    
    
22. The Avenue of Flags is arranged:
    1. alphabetically
       
    2. by region (New England, South, Pacific Northwest, etc.)
       
    3. according to each state's year of statehood
       
    4. randomly; there is no apparent purposeful pattern
       
    
    
23. From its base, the South Dakota flag protrudes to the:
    1. North
       
    2. South
       
    3. East
       
    4. West
       
    
    
24. The cafeteria's breakfast plate special called the "Teddy Roosevelt" features:
    1. scrambled eggs and hashed browns
       
    2. French toast
       
    3. oatmeal and fresh fruit
       
    4. biscuits and gravy
       
    
    
25. The rock and roll group which released a record album in 1970 with cover artwork depicting its five band members carved in stone to resemble Mount Rushmore was:
    1. Cream
       
    2. Led Zeppelin
       
    3. Queen
       
    4. Deep Purple
       
    
    
26. The most famous Hollywood movie showing Mount Rushmore is the Alfred Hitchcock thriller entitled:
    1. Cool Hand Luke
       
    2. North by Northwest
       
    3. Vertigo
       
    4. High Noon
    
    
    

Provide five important facts you learned from this excursion, assigned reading, and lecture about Mount Rushmore.

1. ---

2. ---

3. ---

4. ---

5. ---

Choose one of the following. Your response should be 3-5 typed, double-spaced pages and include a list of sources used (minimum of two required).

1. Select any one of the Presidents depicted on Mount Rushmore and justify his greatness, either through personal traits, specific accomplishments, or a combination of both. Provide at least three supports.
   
   
2. Pick any one of the Mount Rushmore Presidents and discuss the legitimacy of the memorable title history has bestowed upon him.
               George Washington = "Father of Our Country"
               Thomas Jefferson = "Sage of Monticello"
               Abraham Lincoln = "Great Emancipator"
               Theodore Roosevelt = "Trust-Buster"
   
   
3. Pretend it is the 1920s and you have final approval authority over which Presidents will be carved on Mount Rushmore. After reviewing Gutzon Borglum's proposal of George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt, you have decided to make a change. Instead of __________, you will have Borglum include __________. Fill in the blanks and tell what arguments you would use to convince Borglum, who is not particularly enthusiastic about your suggestion.